APA Dictionary of Psychology

n. the comprehension of relations, or the comprehension of correlates, or both, in an analogy. Eduction of relations involves understanding the relationship between the first two terms of an analogy, whereas eduction of correlates involves the application of this understanding to the third term in the analogy to find the solution. For example, in the analogy “tall : short “ heavy : ?”, eduction of relations would be used to infer the relation between tall and short, and eduction of correlates would be used to apply the relation to produce light as a solution. [defined in the early 20th century by Charles Spearman]