APA Dictionary of Psychology

synthetic molecules that act to stimulate (agonists) or block (antagonists) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors in the anterior pituitary to modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and sex hormone production. They are widely used in the treatment of prostate cancer, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and precocious puberty, although side effects include bone loss and cardiometabolic risks. They are also the standard, evidence-based treatment to halt further puberty in transgender or gender-diverse adolescents who have begun pubertal development by preventing unwanted physical changes, reducing gender dysphoria, and providing a reversible treatment during discussion of gender-affirming care next steps.