APA Dictionary of Psychology

a neuropathological condition characterized by substantial neuronal cell loss and reactive gliosis in the hippocampus, typically most prominent in the CA1 and subiculum regions of the brain. It results in atrophy of the hippocampus and resulting disruption of memory, learning, and seizure regulation. Hippocampal sclerosis is most commonly associated with temporal lobe epilepsy, particularly drug-resistant epilepsy in adults, but can also occur in prolonged febrile seizures, especially in childhood, and some neurodegenerative disease and vascular conditions.