APA Dictionary of Psychology

a noninvasive assessment of an individual’s cognitive functions, such as attention, memory, language, executive function, reasoning, and processing speed, administered via computer-based platforms or traditional paper-and-pencil methods. Neurocognitive testing is used to evaluate, diagnose, and monitor neurological and psychiatric conditions, track recovery after brain injury, assess cognitive effects of medical treatments, and support research on brain function across the lifespan. Modern applications increasingly incorporate digital tools, adaptive testing, and remote administration, enabling more precise, accessible, and culturally responsive evaluation. See also mental status examination; neuropsychological test.