APA Dictionary of Psychology

guided instruction in the cognitive and motor skills necessary for people with visual impairment to orient themselves in space and to move safely in the environment (sidewalk, street corner, crosswalk, stairwell, kitchen, bathroom, classroom, office building, etc.). O＆M training includes instruction in the use of the long cane or the handling of a service animal (e.g., guide dog), as well as in the use of available senses, including any residual vision, to enable the individual to navigate safely. O＆M training is a key component of vision rehabilitation and is usually provided by professional O＆M specialists.