a 50-item intelligence test used for screening purposes and for individuals with severe disabilities who may respond to test items by pointing or nodding without using words. Participants are presented with a set of four black-and-white drawings and must indicate which one best represents a target word. The words vary from easy to hard, and each has an assigned approximate difficulty level. [developed in 1962 by U.S. psychologists Robert Bruce Ammons (1920–1999) and Carol H. Ammons (1927– )]