APA Dictionary of Psychology

a characteristic of individuals or populations that describes their social and demographic attributes and may influence health, behavior, or social outcomes. Common sociodemographic factors include age, sex, gender identity, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, education, occupation, family structure, geographic location, and cultural or linguistic background. These factors are used in research, public health, and clinical practice to understand disparities, tailor interventions, and promote equity and inclusivity in health and social services.