APA Dictionary of Psychology

Sport Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ)

Updated on 11/15/2023

an instrument used to measure the degree to which an athlete uses each of five different functions of imagery: (a) motivational general–arousal (images related to physiological and emotional arousal); (b) motivational general–mastery (images of being a master of self-control); (c) motivational specific (images of winning, achieving a goal, etc.); (d) cognitive general (images of strategies to be used in a game); and (e) cognitive specific (images of proper execution or improvement of a skill). The SIQ consists of 30 statements to which participants respond using a 7-point Likert scale, ranging from rarely to often. [developed in 1998 by Craig R. Hall, Diane E. Mack, cognitive psychologist Allan U. Paivio (1925– ), and health psychologist Heather A. Hausenblas (1970– )]
an instrument used to measure the imaging abilities of athletes. A participant is asked to imagine four different situations in their sport (practicing alone, practicing in front of others, watching a teammate, competing) and then to rate five different characteristics of the resulting imagery on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from no image present to extremely clear and realistic image. [originally developed in 1982 by sport psychologist Rainer Martens (1942– )]

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