APA Dictionary of Psychology

in DSM–IV–TR, a pattern of opioid use marked by recurrent significant adverse consequences related to the repeated ingestion of an opioid such as morphine, heroin, or substances with morphinelike effects (e.g., codeine, oxycodone). This diagnosis is preempted by the diagnosis of opioid dependence: If the criteria for opioid abuse and opioid dependence are both met, only the latter diagnosis is given. In DSM–5 and DSM-5-TR, however, both have been subsumed into opioid use disorder and are no longer considered distinct diagnoses. See also substance abuse.